创建新的物流方式

Magento 2.X
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本文讲述了在 Magento2 中如何创建物流方式的全部步骤，同时包括一些代码段。Magento2 是一个极其丰富的电商系统，并且在下单流程中也支持一些物流方式。然而并不能完全满足需求，因此自定义物流方式变的尤为重要。

简单来说，可以一步一步地创建新的物流方式。创建好的物流方式存储在 Magento 后台中，可以去到 Stores > Settings > Configuration > Sales > Shipping Methods 中找到它并启用。此外，可以在文件 /Model/Carries/Generatedshippingmethod.php 中为每一个物流方式这是价格。

概览

  • 第一步，创建 config.xml 文件

  • 第二步，创建物流模型（model）

  • 第三步，创建配置文件

  • 第四步，启用模块

第一步，创建 config.xml 文件

在 app/code/Mageplaza/Simpleshipping 下创建一个名为 Simpleshipping 的模块。至少有连个文件。

app/code/Mageplaza/Simpleshipping/registration.php

<?php
\Magento\Framework\Component\ComponentRegistrar::register(
    \Magento\Framework\Component\ComponentRegistrar::MODULE,
    'Mageplaza_Simpleshipping',
    __DIR__
);

app/code/Mageplaza/Simpleshipping/etc/module.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:framework:Module/etc/module.xsd">
    <module name="Mageplaza_Simpleshipping" setup_version="1.0.0" />
</config>

在 app/code/Mageplaza/Simpleshipping/etc/config.xml 路径创建 config.xml，内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:module:Magento_Store:etc/config.xsd">
    <default>
        <carriers>
            <simpleshipping>
                <active>1</active>
                <sallowspecific>0</sallowspecific>
                <model>Mageplaza\Simpleshipping\Model\Carrier\Shipping</model>
                <name>Mageplaza Sample Shipping Method</name>
                <price>10.00</price>
                <title>Mageplaza Sample Shipping Method</title>
                <specificerrmsg>This shipping method is not available. To use this shipping method, please contact us.</specificerrmsg>
                <handling_type>F</handling_type>
            </simpleshipping>
        </carriers>
    </default>
</config>

物流方式的 code 应该是 defatult > carriers 的子节点。而且应该和 app/code/Mageplaza/Simpleshipping/Model/Carrier/Shipping.php:13 中的 $_code 保持一致。

第二步，创建物流模型（model）

接下来，为物流方式创建一个模型类（model class）。按照这个路径 app/code/Mageplaza/Simpleshipping/Model/Carrier/Shipping.php 创建 Shipping.php

<?php
namespace Mageplaza\Simpleshipping\Model\Carrier;

use Magento\Quote\Model\Quote\Address\RateRequest;
use Magento\Shipping\Model\Rate\Result;

class Shipping extends \Magento\Shipping\Model\Carrier\AbstractCarrier implements
    \Magento\Shipping\Model\Carrier\CarrierInterface
{
    /**
     * @var string
     */
    protected $_code = 'simpleshipping';

    /**
     * @var \Magento\Shipping\Model\Rate\ResultFactory
     */
    protected $_rateResultFactory;

    /**
     * @var \Magento\Quote\Model\Quote\Address\RateResult\MethodFactory
     */
    protected $_rateMethodFactory;

    /**
     * Shipping constructor.
     *
     * @param \Magento\Framework\App\Config\ScopeConfigInterface          $scopeConfig
     * @param \Magento\Quote\Model\Quote\Address\RateResult\ErrorFactory  $rateErrorFactory
     * @param \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface                                    $logger
     * @param \Magento\Shipping\Model\Rate\ResultFactory                  $rateResultFactory
     * @param \Magento\Quote\Model\Quote\Address\RateResult\MethodFactory $rateMethodFactory
     * @param array                                                       $data
     */
    public function __construct(
        \Magento\Framework\App\Config\ScopeConfigInterface $scopeConfig,
        \Magento\Quote\Model\Quote\Address\RateResult\ErrorFactory $rateErrorFactory,
        \Psr\Log\LoggerInterface $logger,
        \Magento\Shipping\Model\Rate\ResultFactory $rateResultFactory,
        \Magento\Quote\Model\Quote\Address\RateResult\MethodFactory $rateMethodFactory,
        array $data = []
    ) {
        $this->_rateResultFactory = $rateResultFactory;
        $this->_rateMethodFactory = $rateMethodFactory;
        parent::__construct($scopeConfig, $rateErrorFactory, $logger, $data);
    }

    /**
     * get allowed methods
     * @return array
     */
    public function getAllowedMethods()
    {
        return [$this->_code => $this->getConfigData('name')];
    }

    /**
     * @return float
     */
    private function getShippingPrice()
    {
        $configPrice = $this->getConfigData('price');

        $shippingPrice = $this->getFinalPriceWithHandlingFee($configPrice);

        return $shippingPrice;
    }

    /**
     * @param RateRequest $request
     * @return bool|Result
     */
    public function collectRates(RateRequest $request)
    {
        if (!$this->getConfigFlag('active')) {
            return false;
        }

        /** @var \Magento\Shipping\Model\Rate\Result $result */
        $result = $this->_rateResultFactory->create();

        /** @var \Magento\Quote\Model\Quote\Address\RateResult\Method $method */
        $method = $this->_rateMethodFactory->create();

        $method->setCarrier($this->_code);
        $method->setCarrierTitle($this->getConfigData('title'));

        $method->setMethod($this->_code);
        $method->setMethodTitle($this->getConfigData('name'));

        $amount = $this->getShippingPrice();

        $method->setPrice($amount);
        $method->setCost($amount);

        $result->append($method);

        return $result;
    }
}

第三步，创建配置文件

按照路径 app/code/Mageplaza/Simpleshipping/etc/adminhtml/system.xml 创建 system.xml 文件，内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<config xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn:magento:module:Magento_Config:etc/system_file.xsd">
    <system>
        <section id="carriers" translate="label" type="text" sortOrder="320" showInDefault="1" showInWebsite="1" showInStore="1">
            <group id="simpleshipping" translate="label" type="text" sortOrder="0" showInDefault="1" showInWebsite="1" showInStore="1">
                <label>Mageplaza Simple Shipping Method</label>
                <field id="active" translate="label" type="select" sortOrder="1" showInDefault="1" showInWebsite="1" showInStore="0" canRestore="1">
                    <label>Enabled</label>
                    <source_model>Magento\Config\Model\Config\Source\Yesno</source_model>
                </field>
                <field id="name" translate="label" type="text" sortOrder="3" showInDefault="1" showInWebsite="1" showInStore="1" canRestore="1">
                    <label>Method Name</label>
                </field>
                <field id="price" translate="label" type="text" sortOrder="5" showInDefault="1" showInWebsite="1" showInStore="0" canRestore="1">
                    <label>Price</label>
                    <validate>validate-number validate-zero-or-greater</validate>
                </field>
                <field id="handling_type" translate="label" type="select" sortOrder="7" showInDefault="1" showInWebsite="1" showInStore="0" canRestore="1">
                    <label>Calculate Handling Fee</label>
                    <source_model>Magento\Shipping\Model\Source\HandlingType</source_model>
                </field>
                <field id="handling_fee" translate="label" type="text" sortOrder="8" showInDefault="1" showInWebsite="1" showInStore="0">
                    <label>Handling Fee</label>
                    <validate>validate-number validate-zero-or-greater</validate>
                </field>
                <field id="sort_order" translate="label" type="text" sortOrder="100" showInDefault="1" showInWebsite="1" showInStore="0">
                    <label>Sort Order</label>
                </field>
                <field id="title" translate="label" type="text" sortOrder="2" showInDefault="1" showInWebsite="1" showInStore="1" canRestore="1">
                    <label>Title</label>
                </field>
                <field id="sallowspecific" translate="label" type="select" sortOrder="90" showInDefault="1" showInWebsite="1" showInStore="0" canRestore="1">
                    <label>Ship to Applicable Countries</label>
                    <frontend_class>shipping-applicable-country</frontend_class>
                    <source_model>Magento\Shipping\Model\Config\Source\Allspecificcountries</source_model>
                </field>
                <field id="specificcountry" translate="label" type="multiselect" sortOrder="91" showInDefault="1" showInWebsite="1" showInStore="0">
                    <label>Ship to Specific Countries</label>
                    <source_model>Magento\Directory\Model\Config\Source\Country</source_model>
                    <can_be_empty>1</can_be_empty>
                </field>
                <field id="showmethod" translate="label" type="select" sortOrder="92" showInDefault="1" showInWebsite="1" showInStore="0">
                    <label>Show Method if Not Applicable</label>
                    <source_model>Magento\Config\Model\Config\Source\Yesno</source_model>
                    <frontend_class>shipping-skip-hide</frontend_class>
                </field>
                <field id="specificerrmsg" translate="label" type="textarea" sortOrder="80" showInDefault="1" showInWebsite="1" showInStore="1" canRestore="1">
                    <label>Displayed Error Message</label>
                </field>
            </group>
        </section>
    </system>
</config>

第四步，启用模块

最后一步，执行升级命令来以用新的物流方法


php bin/magento setup:upgrade

本教程翻译自Mageplaza模块开发系列，其他内容请点击下面链接: